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Zimbabwe By Trevor Peter, PhD, MPH Historical legacies continue to impact the welfare and development of the people of Zimbabwe, a small southern African country of 11 million nestled between Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia. A white minority government ran the country, as Rhodesia, from the time of colonization by the British over 100 years ago until 1980. The colonizers gained control of most of the fertile farmlands from the indigenous tribal people, marginalized them on less fertile tracts of land and developed towns, roads, railways, farms and industries using a cheap black labor force. An apartheid system of government was established that relegated black people to lower socio-economic status without voting rights, land tenure or full access to public and private facilities and establishments utilized by the white colonizers. |
Chile By Monica Sanchez The Mapuche have a long and proud history of resistance. They are the only indigenous group to withstand the attacks of the Inca, never being conquered by them. They are also the only South American indigenous group that was never conquered by the Spaniards. Just over a century ago, the Mapuche nation spread across the present-day nations of Argentina and Chile. It possessed a vast territory that, on the Chilean side, stretched from the Bio-Bio River down to the South. This territory was recognized first by treaties with the Spanish Crown and then by a series of treaties and parliaments held with the newly established Republic of Chile. |
United States By Human Rights Watch The United States in 2000 submitted a report on its compliance with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ( CERD). In September, the US produced-five years late-its initial report to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. |
Honduras By Brenda Norrell Candido Martinez, leader of the Lenca Indigenous movement on the border of Honduras and El Salvador, speaks quickly and rhythmically like the ticking of a clock measuring time. |
